Kattwinkel et al. (2011) calculated the insecticide runoff potential (RP) under current conditions (1990) and under a model future climate and land use scenario (2090), using a spatially explicit model on a continental scale, with a focus on Europe. To assess the indirect effects of climate change, RP and landscape characteristics that are relevant for the recovery of affected populations were combined to estimate the ecological risk (ER) of insecticides for freshwater communities.

 

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